Chinese National Public Holidays

Public festivals in China refer to the public holidays designated by the Chinese government that everyone gets to enjoy. Nobody can deprive anyone of the right to regale on the appointed days off. Public festivals can be divided into two types: festivals that citizens nationwide enjoy, and those that some citizens enjoy.

The four grand festivals - New Year's Day, Spring Festival, Labor Day, and National Day are the public festivals that people nationwide enjoy. And those that some people have are Women's Day, Youth Day, Children's Day and Army Day that are commemorative days having special meanings to the Chinese people.

Among the public festivals all the Chinese citizens enjoy, three are regarded as 'Golden Week' (Spring Festival, Labor Day, and National Day). Primarily, these three holidays are all designated with three days off. Two weekends are combined with them, thus people have seven days off for each holiday. During these three weeks most people go out and enjoy themselves in many different ways with the resultant boost to the economy, hence the nickname 'Golden Week'.

In principle, people should not work during the public festivals, but if absolutely necessary 300% salary must be paid.

Table of Chinese Public Festivals

1 . New Year's Day

New Year's Day is a grand occasion for the Chinese people. They celebrate the New Year like people all over the world. Since ancient times, the day has been called 'Yuandan' by the Chinese. 'Yuan' means 'at the beginning'. 'Dan' means 'day', so joined together the words mean 'first day of a year'. For 3,000 years, China has greeted Yuandan with joyous ceremonies.

Due to the different longitudes upon which countries lie in the world, the time of the celebration varies. China is the twelfth country to celebrate the event and the people are rewarded with one day's vacation. All kinds of festive programs are presented on TV, and organizations and schools hold parties to let everyone enter into the jubilant atmosphere of the festival. Sincere good wishes are reflected by people's smiles and wonderful performances at parties. Great hopes for an excellent year are embedded in everyone's mind.

2. Spring Festival

Held on the first day of the first lunar month and lasting for two weeks, the spring festival is regarded by the Chinese people as the grandest and most important annual festival, similar in many ways to Christmas in predominantly Christian countries. It is an event for the Chinese people to celebrate family reunion and is full of rich and colorful activities.

Among all the customs and activities that people kept and held, pasting Spring Festival scrolls, the character 'Fu', and paper-cut pictures, setting off firecrackers and fireworks, paying New Year visits, and eating jiaozi have been handed down by Chinese people from generation to generation. To everyone the festival is of great significance.

3. Women 's Day

Falling on March 8th, Women's Day is a festival for women worldwide. It is celebrated since 1975 for the purpose of remembering the women's struggle for getting the reasonable right and peace.

In China , Chinese government designated it as a public festival for women who are rewarded with a half day holiday on Mar. 8th. Children respect their mother by doing housework and husbands prepare dinner and presents for their wives. In some places, organizations and schools hold mountain-climbing competitions to add a festive atmosphere or communication meetings to talk about their life and work. Flowers are presented to women by students, children, or husbands.

4. Labor Day

As a day for the working people worldwide, it was established on 1 May 1st in 1886. In China , all kinds of jubilant assemblies and amusement activities are held in parks, theaters, and on plazas. In the evening, entertainment programs are held on TV, and some model laborers are invited to the evenings.

Nowadays, Labor Day is not only a day that show our respect for workers, by also signifies the beginning of seven days of enjoyment (one of the Golden Weeks). Because government first set three days' holiday for the people and later combined it with the two weekends on either side of those three days, people now have a seven-day vacation. During this week, numerous people go out enjoying themselves either by going shopping or taking trips and other ways that help to promote a dramatic increase in the economy, the week is called 'Golden Week'.

5. Youth Day

Youth Day is an event that held for the youngsters over fourteen years old on May 4th. Its purpose is to encourage young people to study hard in order to contribute to the nation. Although the day occurred during the Golden Week of May, schools usually organize social events for students or sodalities for students communicating with each other on that day. All the young people are summoned to study from the 'Youth Medal' (Medals rewarded for the model youth) winners and learn their stories.

6. Children 's Day

Celebrated on Jun. 1st, Children's Day is a festival for children all over the world. Every year, when the day comes, the whole nation is full of children's smiling faces, songs and great joy in China .

Parents usually take their children to visit places of great interest thus helping them learn more about Chinese history and culture. Schools organize the showing of excellent children's films. In kindergartens, children present their special skills such as singing and dancing to parents and teachers. Besides, some children are lucky to receive special gifts from their elderships.

7. Army Day

Falling on Aug. 1st, Amy Day is set aside to commemorate the contribution that the PLA has made to China both past and present. Chinese leaders and public figures go to veterans' homes to show their great concern for them, and symposia and get-togethers are held for the soldiers on that day. In some places, soldiers and their dependents are rewarded with the opportunity to visit tourist attractions for free while some are presented with beneficial books to mark the occasion.

8. National Day

Oct. 1st is China 's National Day. It is a festival of great importance to the people nationwide and they celebrate it with great felicitation. In the early morning, numerous people arrive at Tiananmen Square in Beijing to see the ceremonial raising of the national flag. This is followed by a great ceremonial review of troops on the Tiananmen Square and various festive activities are held in different regions. When evening comes, fireworks are set off to illuminate the sky brightly and gallantly.

In 1999, the Chinese government decided that the three days designated for the National Day celebration be combined with the two weekends on either side, thus giving people a seven-day vacation. Also because of the great indulgences during the week, it is regarded as another Golden Week for the Chinese people when they can go out to visit some long-cherished tourist attractions or doing other things people like to do.